DBMS > Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. mSQL vs. RDF4J vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. mSQL vs. RDF4J vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.04
Rank	#360	Overall
	#52	Key-value stores

Website

dgraph.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

rdf4j.org

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Hughes Technologies

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

STS Soft SC

Initial release

2016

1989

1994

2004

2011

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

4.4, October 2021

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

Java
PHP
Python

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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