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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J vs. SAP HANA vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J vs. SAP HANA vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score44.69
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverrdf4j.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverrdf4j.org/­documentationhelp.sap.com/­hanadocs.timescale.com
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.SAPTimescale
Initial release20161989200420102017
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20222.0 SPS07 (AprilĀ 4, 2023), April 20232.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageGoC++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoRDF Schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavayesSQLScript, Ruser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnoneyesyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionnoneyesSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DgraphMicrosoft SQL ServerRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSAP HANATimescaleDB
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