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DBMS > Dgraph vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Trino vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Trino vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score4.99
Rank#65  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitedgraph.iogithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servertrino.iogithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-servertrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
www.xtdb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleMicrosoftTrino Software FoundationJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2016201119892012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL2019
Current release1.23, February 2021SQL Server 2022, November 20221.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageGoC++C++JavaClojure
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesdepending on connected data-sourceyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes, depending on connected data-sourceno
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationdepending on connected data-sourcenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftnoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editiondepending on connected data-sourceyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDdepending on connected data-sourceACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesdepending on connected data-sourceyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphLevelDBMicrosoft SQL ServerTrinoXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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