DBMS > Dgraph vs. JaguarDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TiDB vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. JaguarDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TiDB vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Performant, highly scalable DBMS for AI and IoT applications

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Key-value store
Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores
	#13	Vector DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.jaguardb.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

pingcap.com

trino.io

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.jaguardb.com/support.html

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

DataJaguar, Inc.

Microsoft

PingCAP, Inc.

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2016

2015

2014

2016

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

3.3 July 2023

8.0.0, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPL V3.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++

the server part. Clients available in other languages

Go, Rust

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

hosted

Linux

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

but no views, foreign keys, triggers

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

rights management via user accounts

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more

Competitive advantages

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more

Typical application scenarios

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more

Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more

Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.