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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. OpenSearch vs. PieCloudDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. OpenSearch vs. PieCloudDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparisonPieCloudDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache LuceneA cloud-native analytic database platform with new technologoy for elastic MPPWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value storeSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSVector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score16.03
Rank#37  Overall
#4  Search engines
Score0.32
Rank#289  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iogithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
github.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
www.openpie.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdocs.immudb.ioopensearch.org/­docs/­latestwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.CodenotaryAmazon Web ServicesOpenPiePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2016202020211989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.2.3, April 20222.5.0, January 20232.1, January 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
  • STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoGoJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like syntaxSQL-like query languageyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
Java
PL/SQL
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingShardingyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftyesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesUser Roles and pluggable authentication with full SQL Standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphImmudbOpenSearchPieCloudDBPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsOpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more
PieCloudDB, OpenPie's flagship product, is a cutting-edge cloud-native data warehouse....
» more
Competitive advantagesDistributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more
Extreme Elastic: PieCloudDB utilizes a cutting-edge eMPP cloud-native architecture...
» more
Typical application scenariosThe OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more
PieCloudDB is ideal for Data mining applications that require extreme scalability...
» more
Key customersSail-Cloud China Shipbuilding Group Haizhou System Soochow Securities ​etc.,
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsThe OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more
PieCloudDB Community Edition: Community License, Free Download, Self-Hosted Deployment;...
» more

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3rd partiesAiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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More resources
DgraphImmudbOpenSearchPieCloudDBPostgreSQL
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