DBMS > Dgraph vs. HugeGraph vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenTenBase

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. HugeGraph vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenTenBase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

An enterprise-level distributed HTAP open source database based on PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#336	Overall
	#32	Graph DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#158	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

google.github.io/lovefield

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

github.com/OpenTenBase/OpenTenBase
www.opentenbase.org

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.opentenbase.org
docs.opentenbase.org/en

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Baidu

Google

Microsoft

OpenAtom Foundation, previously Tencent

Initial release

2016

2018

2014

Current release

0.9

2.1.12, February 2017

2.5, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

BSD-3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Unix

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Groovy
Java
Python

JavaScript

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

JavaScript

Triggers

Using read-only observers

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Users, roles and permissions

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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