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DBMS > Dgraph vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Lovefield vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Lovefield vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iogithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
google.github.io/­lovefieldwww.postgresql.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdocs.heavy.aigithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.HEAVY.AI, Inc.GooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software Foundation
Initial release2016201620141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release5.10, January 20222.1.12, February 201716.3, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoC++ and CUDAJavaScriptCScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
JavaScript.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
TriggersnonoUsing read-only observersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesSharding infoRound robinnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infousing MemoryDBnono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
DgraphHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022LovefieldPostgreSQLSpark SQL
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