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DBMS > Dgraph vs. HBase vs. PostgreSQL vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. HBase vs. PostgreSQL vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iohbase.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgvitess.io
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release201620081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2013
Current release2.3.4, January 202116.3, May 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaCGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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