DBMS > Dgraph vs. HBase vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. HBase vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

RDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.48
Rank	#158	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	31.25
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	0.48
Rank	#262	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	829.80
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	4.57
Rank	#78	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

hbase.apache.org

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sql-anywhere.html

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

hbase.apache.org/book.html

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_SQL_Anywhere

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Microsoft

SAP

formerly Sybase

Initial release

2016

2008

2014

1989

1992

Current release

2.3.4, January 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

17, July 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

JavaScript

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

View functions in JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

Database mirroring

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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