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DBMS > Dgraph vs. H2 vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. H2 vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMSWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score35.09
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.h2database.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.htmlwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASEwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.Thomas MuellerPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP, SybaseDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release201620051989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19872000
Current release2.2.220, July 202316.3, May 202416.03.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaCC and C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java and Transact-SQLno
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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