DBMS > Dgraph vs. H2 vs. NuoDB vs. openGauss vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. H2 vs. NuoDB vs. openGauss vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by Huawei

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.94
Rank	#197	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	1.06
Rank	#184	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.h2database.com

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

gitee.com/opengauss
opengauss.org

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

doc.nuodb.com

docs.opengauss.org/en
gitee.com/opengauss/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Thomas Mueller

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Huawei and openGauss community

Oracle

Initial release

2016

2005

2013

2019

1980

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

3.0, March 2022

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C, C++, Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

ANSI SQL 2011

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Java, SQL

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

none

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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