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DBMS > Dgraph vs. H2 vs. IBM Db2 vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. H2 vs. IBM Db2 vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.h2database.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2doc.nuodb.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.Thomas MuellerIBMDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release201620051983 infohost version20131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release2.2.220, July 202312.1, October 201616.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infofree version is availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC and C++C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaC
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsyesJava, SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesnoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versiondata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoTemporary tableno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DgraphH2IBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2NuoDBPostgreSQL
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