DBMS > Dgraph vs. GridDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TiDB vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. GridDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TiDB vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Scalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big Data

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.95
Rank	#128	Overall
	#10	Time Series DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

griddb.net

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

pingcap.com

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

docs.griddb.net

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Toshiba Corporation

Microsoft

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

2016

2013

2014

2016

2009

Current release

5.1, August 2022

8.0.0, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

C++

Go, Rust

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestamp

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Connector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobs

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containers

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID at container level

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages

1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

Factory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Denso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

GitHub trending repository
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
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Licensing and pricing models

Open Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
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TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.