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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Well established RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#341  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleActian CorporationMicrosoftTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release201620171974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20101987
Current release11.2, May 2022V12Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercialcommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoCC++C and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesTransact SQLyes
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Ingres Replicatoryes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerIngresMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTransbase
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