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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release2016200820111989
Current release1.23, February 2021SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageGoC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details herenoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)noyes
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnousing Google App EnginenoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication using Paxosnoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud DatastoreLevelDBMicrosoft SQL Server
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