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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Graphite vs. PostgreSQL vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Graphite vs. PostgreSQL vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelGraph DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.postgresql.orgtypedb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iowww.postgresql.org/­docstypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleChris DavisPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVaticle
Initial release2016200820061989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2016
Current release16.3, May 20242.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoPythonCJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)noyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
Sockets
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnousing Google App Enginenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication using PaxosnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.noneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphGoogle Cloud DatastoreGraphitePostgreSQLTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud DatastoreGraphitePostgreSQLTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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