DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. OpenSearch vs. SQLite vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. OpenSearch vs. SQLite vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

A distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	0.35
Rank	#278	Overall
	#43	Document stores
	#127	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

cloud.google.com/bigtable

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

www.sqlite.org

github.com/ydb-platform/ydb
ydb.tech

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

opensearch.org/docs/latest

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

ydb.tech/en/docs

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Amazon Web Services

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Yandex

Initial release

2016

2015

2021

2000

2019

Current release

2.5.0, January 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache 2.0; commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

server-less

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

dynamic column types

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

SQL-like query language (YQL)

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes

none

Active-passive shard replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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