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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. NebulaGraph vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. NebulaGraph vs. Tarantool

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.58
Rank#92  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.12
Rank#125  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#150  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#69  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.tarantool.io
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleVesoft Inc.VK
Initial release2016201520192008
Current release2.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeStrong typed schemaFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query languageFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsLua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersnonoyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingShardingSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesCausal Clustering using Raft protocolAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableNebulaGraphTarantool
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableNebulaGraphTarantool
DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021,  Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor) 

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