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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Access vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Access vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­access
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleChris DavisMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release20162015200619922016
Current release1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoPythonC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoNumeric data onlyyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standard
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
HTTP API
Sockets
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engine
Triggersnononoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnonenoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)noneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsnoACID infobut no files for transaction loggingno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableGraphiteMicrosoft AccessToroDB
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