DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

cloud.google.com/bigtable

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2016

2015

2008

2000

Current release

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

server-less

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

Multi-source replication using Paxos

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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