DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle Coherence

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#130	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Website

dgraph.io

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

doc.nuodb.com

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Microsoft

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Oracle

Initial release

2016

2010

1989

2013

2007

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

14.1, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

yes, with selectable consistency level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optionally

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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