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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Geode vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SingleStore vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Geode vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SingleStore vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.39
Rank#155  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.51
Rank#147  Overall
#25  Key-value stores
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#330  Overall
#45  Document stores
Websitedgraph.iogeode.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.singlestore.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsgeode.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.singlestore.comwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.MicrosoftSingleStore Inc.Juxt Ltd.
Initial release20162002201620132019
Current release1.1, February 20178.5, January 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercialcommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaC++C++, GoClojure
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredhostedLinux info64 bit version requiredAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (OQL)yesyes infobut no triggers and foreign keyslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsTransact SQLyesno
Triggersnoyes infoCache Event Listenersnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infohash partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replicationyesSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodeACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights per client and object definableyesFine grained access control via users, groups and roles

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More resources
DgraphGeodeMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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