DBMS > Dgraph vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RocksDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	13.64
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

dgraph.io

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

firebase.google.com/docs/database

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Microsoft

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2016

2012

1989

2013

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

limited functionality with using 'rules'

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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