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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Elasticsearch vs. EsgynDB vs. Immudb vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Elasticsearch vs. EsgynDB vs. Immudb vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonEsgynDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricEnterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache TrafodionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.25
Rank#312  Overall
#138  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.esgyn.cngithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.immudb.iowww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.ElasticEsgynCodenotaryPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20162010201520201989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release8.6, January 20231.2.3, April 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC++, JavaGoC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like syntaxyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJava Stored Proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftyesMulti-source replication between multi datacentersSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectoryesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DgraphElasticsearchEsgynDBImmudbPostgreSQL
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