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DBMS > Derby vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. RRDtool vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. RRDtool vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbyazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserdf4j.orgoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrdf4j.org/­documentationoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­docdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Tobias OetikerStardog-Union
Initial release19972010200419992010
Current release10.17.1.0, November 2023V121.8.0, 20227.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSScommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnonoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
in-process shared library
Pipes
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresTransact SQLyesnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyesyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availablenonenoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usednoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameRRDtoolStardog
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