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DBMS > Derby vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbywww.ontotext.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverorientdb.org
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software FoundationOntotextMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release1997200019892010
Current release10.17.1.0, November 202310.4, October 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20223.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedureswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaJava, Javascript
TriggersyesnoyesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft SQL ServerOrientDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft SQL ServerOrientDB
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