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DBMS > Derby vs. DuckDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. DuckDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbyduckdb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlduckdb.org/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software FoundationIBMMicrosoft
Initial release199720181983 infohost version2010
Current release10.17.1.0, November 20231.0.0, June 202412.1, October 2016V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infofree version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C and C++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-lessAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresnoyesTransact SQL
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Version
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationnoneyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBDuckDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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