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DBMS > atoti vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison atoti vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameatoti  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelObject oriented DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.56
Rank#245  Overall
#10  Object oriented DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteatoti.iowww.datomic.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servernsdb.iowww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.atoti.iodocs.datomic.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-servernsdb.io/­Architecturewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperActiveViamCognitectMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012198920171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023SQL Server 2022, November 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree versions availablecommercial infolimited edition freecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava, ClojureC++Java, ScalaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Windows
Linux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLMultidimensional Expressions (MDX)noyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPythonyes infoTransaction FunctionsTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peerstables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesUsing Apache Luceneyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
atotiDatomicMicrosoft SQL ServerNSDbPostgreSQL
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