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DBMS > Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. ScyllaDB vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. ScyllaDB vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSCassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column storeA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMSWide column storeSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Key-value storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score4.08
Rank#76  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Score41.02
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websitewww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.scylladb.comsolr.apache.org
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.scylladb.comsolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperCognitectMicrosoftVesoft Inc.ScyllaDBApache Software Foundation
Initial release20122019201920152006
Current release1.0.7075, December 2023cloud service with continuous releasesScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 20249.6.1, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaS
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Strong typed schemaschema-freeyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infocluster global secondary indicesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)Solr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsyes, LuaJava plugins
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocolselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyesyes infoin-memory tablesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectyes
More information provided by the system vendor
DatomicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphScyllaDBSolr
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more

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DatomicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphScyllaDBSolr
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