DBMS > Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. Solr vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. Solr vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Time Series DBMS and big data platform

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Search engine

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	42.91
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Score	2.60
Rank	#107	Overall
	#8	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

orientdb.org

solr.apache.org

github.com/taosdata/TDengine
tdengine.com

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

solr.apache.org/resources.html

docs.tdengine.com

Developer

Cognitect

Microsoft

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Apache Software Foundation

TDEngine, previously Taos Data

Initial release

2012

2014

2010

2006

2019

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

3.2.29, March 2024

9.6.0, April 2024

3.0, August 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

AGPL V3, also commercial editions available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language, no joins

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

Standard SQL with extensions for time-series applications

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

JavaScript

Java, Javascript

Java plugins

Triggers

By using transaction functions

JavaScript

Hooks

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

yes, via alarm monitoring

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

could be achieved with distributed queries

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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