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DBMS > Datomic vs. Heroic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Heroic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PouchDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#265  Overall
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.34
Rank#112  Overall
#21  Document stores
Websitewww.datomic.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpouchdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerpouchdb.com/­guides
DeveloperCognitectSpotifyLeanXcaleMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20122014201520192012
Current release1.0.7075, December 2023cloud service with continuous releases7.1.1, June 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaJavaScript
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchall fields are automatically indexedyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infothrough Apache DerbyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RView functions in JavaScript
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
DatomicHeroicLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPouchDB
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