DBMS > Datomic vs. HarperDB vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. HarperDB vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

Widely used RDBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.datomic.com

www.harperdb.io

www.oracle.com/database

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

docs.harperdb.io/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Cognitect

HarperDB

Oracle

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2012

2017

1980

2019

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

3.1, August 2021

23c, September 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

free community edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Node.js

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes, using LMDB

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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