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DBMS > Datomic vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasespark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperCognitectThomas MuellerMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release2012200520102014
Current release1.0.7075, December 20232.2.220, July 2023V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaC++Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLno
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
DatomicH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSpark SQL
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