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DBMS > Datomic vs. GraphDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. GraphDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comwww.ontotext.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­access
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperCognitectOntotextGoogleMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release20122000201119922016
Current release1.0.6735, June 202310.4, October 20231.23, February 20211902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaC++C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnoyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standard
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engine
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnonoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replicationnonenoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infobut no files for transaction loggingno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and development
User concepts infoAccess controlnoDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.nono infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Access rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
DatomicGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMLevelDBMicrosoft AccessToroDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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DatomicGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMLevelDBMicrosoft AccessToroDB
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