DBMS > Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Redis vs. RRDtool vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Redis vs. RRDtool vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments

Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence

Time Series DBMS

Search engine

Secondary database models

Document store

with RedisJSON
Graph DBMS

with RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

with RediSearch
Time Series DBMS

with RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	13.64
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	155.94
Rank	#6	Overall
	#1	Key-value stores

Score	1.90
Rank	#132	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Score	41.02
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Website

www.datomic.com

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

redis.com
redis.io

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

solr.apache.org

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

firebase.google.com/docs/database

docs.redis.com/latest/index.html
redis.io/docs

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

solr.apache.org/resources.html

Developer

Cognitect

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo

Development sponsored by Redis Inc.

Tobias Oetiker

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2009

1999

2006

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

7.2.5, May 2024

1.8.0, 2022

9.6.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Open Source

source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.

HP-UX
Linux

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

Numeric data only

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

with RediSearch module

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

with RediSQL module

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

in-process shared library
Pipes

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

limited functionality with using 'rules'

Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)

Java plugins

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Multi-source replication

with Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication

Chained replication is supported

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

through RedisGears

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Eventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active

none

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption
Password-based authentication

yes

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