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DBMS > Cubrid vs. HEAVY.AI vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Cubrid vs. HEAVY.AI vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCubrid  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTPA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.04
Rank#187  Overall
#87  Relational DBMS
Score1.64
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.01
Rank#79  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitecubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)
github.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.postgresql.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcubrid.org/­manualsdocs.heavy.aiwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCUBRID Corporation, CUBRID FoundationHEAVY.AI, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesOpenLink Software
Initial release200820161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20091998
Current release11.0, January 20215.10, January 202216.3, May 20243.2.0, December 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editionOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++, JavaC++ and CUDACErlangC
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesrestrictedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Erlangyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnoyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoRound robinpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infono "single point of failure"yes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factorChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infolinks between data sets can be storedyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak SecurityFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
CubridHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022PostgreSQLRiak KVVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
CubridHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022PostgreSQLRiak KVVirtuoso
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