DBMS > Cubrid vs. DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Heroic

System Properties Comparison Cubrid vs. DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Heroic

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.04
Rank	#187	Overall
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	1.06
Rank	#185	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	0.46
Rank	#265	Overall
	#22	Time Series DBMS

Website

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

duckdb.org

github.com/apple/foundationdb

github.com/spotify/heroic

Technical documentation

cubrid.org/manuals

duckdb.org/docs

apple.github.io/foundationdb

spotify.github.io/heroic

Developer

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

FoundationDB

Spotify

Initial release

2008

2018

2013

2014

Current release

11.0, January 2021

0.10, February 2024

6.2.28, November 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++, Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

server-less

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

supported in specific SQL layer only

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

in SQL-layer only

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

in SQL-layer only

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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