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DBMS > CrateDB vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison CrateDB vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed Database based on LuceneA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Vector DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.69
Rank#226  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#11  Vector DBMS
Score3.01
Rank#89  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score4.09
Rank#72  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitecratedb.commilvus.ioneo4j.compingcap.com
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdneo4j.com/­docsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperCrateNeo4j, Inc.PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2013201920072016
Current release5.8.1, August 20242.4.4, May 20245.23, August 20248.2.0, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusNeo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaC++, GoJava, ScalaGo, Rust
Server operating systemsAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynonoyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions (Javascript)noyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes using Neo4j Fabrichorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategynoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlrights management via user accountsRole based access control and fine grained access rightsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CrateDBMilvusNeo4jTiDB
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
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