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DBMS > CrateDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TimescaleDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison CrateDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TimescaleDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed Database based on LuceneDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBWidely used in-process key-value storeA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Time Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitecratedb.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.timescale.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.timescale.comdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCrateIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleTimescaleOpenLink Software
Initial release20132010199420171998
Current release18.1.40, May 20202.15.0, May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaErlangC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)CC
Server operating systemsAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supporthostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnononumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions (Javascript)View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyes infoonly for the SQL APIyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infoChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlrights management via user accountsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
CrateDBIBM CloudantOracle Berkeley DBTimescaleDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
CrateDBIBM CloudantOracle Berkeley DBTimescaleDBVirtuoso
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