DBMS > CrateDB vs. GraphDB vs. HBase vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak TS
System Properties Comparison CrateDB vs. GraphDB vs. HBase vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak TS
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| Name | CrateDB Xexclude from comparison | GraphDB  former name: OWLIM Xexclude from comparison | HBase Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Riak TS Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Distributed Database based on Lucene | Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL. | Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Riak TS is a distributed NoSQL database optimized for time series data and based on Riak KV | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store Spatial DBMS Search engine Time Series DBMS Vector DBMS | Graph DBMS RDF store | Wide column store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Time Series DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Relational DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | cratedb.com | www.ontotext.com | hbase.apache.org | www.postgresql.org | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | cratedb.com/docs | graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation | hbase.apache.org/book.html | www.postgresql.org/docs | www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/ts/latest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Developer | Crate | Ontotext | Apache Software Foundation Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Open Source, formerly Basho Technologies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2013 | 2000 | 2008 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 10.4, October 2023 | 2.3.4, January 2021 | 16.3, May 2024 | 3.0.0, September 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source | commercial Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced | Open Source Apache version 2 | Open Source BSD | Open Source | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform. |
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| Implementation language | Java | Java | Java | C | Erlang | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator support | All OS with a Java VM Linux OS X Windows | Linux Unix Windows using Cygwin | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux OS X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) | schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes | schema-free, schema definition possible | yes | schema-free | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | options to bring your own types, AVRO | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes | no | yes | restricted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibility | stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC | no | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes, limited | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC PostgreSQL wire protocol Prometheus Remote Read/Write RESTful HTTP API | GeoSPARQL GraphQL GraphQL Federation Java API JDBC RDF4J API RDFS RIO Sail API Sesame REST HTTP Protocol SPARQL 1.1 | Java API RESTful HTTP API Thrift | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | HTTP API Native Erlang Interface | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .NET Erlang Go community maintained clientJava JavaScript (Node.js) community maintained clientPerl community maintained clientPHP Python R Ruby community maintained clientScala community maintained client | .Net C# Clojure Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby Scala | C C# C++ Groovy Java PHP Python Scala | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C unofficial client library C# C++ unofficial client libraryClojure unofficial client libraryDart unofficial client libraryErlang Go unofficial client libraryGroovy unofficial client libraryHaskell unofficial client libraryJava JavaScript unofficial client libraryLisp unofficial client libraryPerl unofficial client libraryPHP Python Ruby Scala unofficial client librarySmalltalk unofficial client library | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | user defined functions (Javascript) | well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility | yes Coprocessors in Java | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Erlang | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | no | yes | yes | yes pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | none | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Configurable replication on table/partition-level | Multi-source replication | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | selectable replication factor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency Read-after-write consistency on record level | Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request) | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes Constraint checking | no | yes | no links between datasets can be stored | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no unique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategy | ACID | Single row ACID (across millions of columns) | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | rights management via user accounts | Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on. | Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CrateDB | GraphDB former name: OWLIM | HBase | PostgreSQL | Riak TS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native... » more | Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling... » more | GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics... » more | Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | Across all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most... » more | GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | The CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®... » more | GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | See CrateDB pricing > » more | GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| News | Integrating GraphDB with Relational Database Systems Understanding the Graph Center of Excellence Migrating From LPG to RDF Graph Model Case study: Policy Enforcement Automation With Semantics Okay, RAG… We Have a Problem | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CrateDB | GraphDB former name: OWLIM | HBase | PostgreSQL | Riak TS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions Why is Hadoop not listed in the DB-Engines Ranking? | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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