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DBMS > Couchbase vs. Neo4j vs. STSdb vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Couchbase vs. Neo4j vs. STSdb vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing methodA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.82
Rank#38  Overall
#5  Document stores
#3  Vector DBMS
Score47.91
Rank#20  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#365  Overall
#57  Key-value stores
Score1.08
Rank#176  Overall
#30  Document stores
#16  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.couchbase.comneo4j.comgithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4surrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchbase.comneo4j.com/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperCouchbase, Inc.Neo4j, Inc.STS Soft SCSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2011200720112022
Current releaseServer: 7.6, March 2024; Mobile: 3.3, August 2024; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), September 20245.23, August 20244.0.8, September 2015v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC, C++, Go and ErlangJava, ScalaC#Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
WindowsLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)yes
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesnonoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsCLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
.NET Client APIGraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++yes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersyes infovia the TAP protocolyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesAutomatic Shardingyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoEphemeral buckets
User concepts infoAccess controlUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)noyes, based on authentication and database rules
More information provided by the system vendor
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseNeo4jSTSdbSurrealDB
News

Integrating Neo4j With LangChain4j for GraphRAG Vector Stores and Retrievers
12 May 2025

This Week in Neo4j: NODES, Knowledge Graph, Graph Analytics, MCP and more
10 May 2025

Aura Graph Analytics: A Technical Deep Dive
7 May 2025

Introducing Neo4j Aura Graph Analytics: Scalable, Easy-to-Deploy Graph Analytics for Any Data Source
7 May 2025

Agentic GraphRAG for Commercial Contracts
5 May 2025

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More resources
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseNeo4jSTSdbSurrealDB
DB-Engines blog posts

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2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

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