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DBMS > Couchbase vs. Neo4j vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Couchbase vs. Neo4j vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelDocument store
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.82
Rank#38  Overall
#5  Document stores
#3  Vector DBMS
Score47.91
Rank#20  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.71
Rank#91  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitewww.couchbase.comneo4j.comorientdb.org
Technical documentationdocs.couchbase.comneo4j.com/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperCouchbase, Inc.Neo4j, Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release201120072010
Current releaseServer: 7.6, March 2024; Mobile: 3.3, August 2024; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), September 20245.23, August 20243.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++, Go and ErlangJava, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesnoSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsCLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++yes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsJava, Javascript
Triggersyes infovia the TAP protocolyes infovia event handlerHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesAutomatic Shardingyes using Neo4j FabricSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoEphemeral buckets
User concepts infoAccess controlUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseNeo4jOrientDB
News

This Week in Neo4j: NODES, Knowledge Graph, Graph Analytics, MCP and more
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7 May 2025

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30 April 2025

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More resources
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseNeo4jOrientDB
DB-Engines blog posts

Couchbase climbs up the DB-Engines Ranking, increasing its popularity by 10% every month
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3 March 2015, Paul Andlinger

Graph DBMSs are gaining in popularity faster than any other database category
21 January 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Activist Investor Irenic Capital Builds Stake in Software Maker Couchbase
30 April 2025, Bloomberg

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