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DBMS > Couchbase vs. GraphDB vs. Graphite vs. TypeDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Couchbase vs. GraphDB vs. Graphite vs. TypeDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.30
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.couchbase.comwww.ontotext.comgithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webtypedb.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchbase.comgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationgraphite.readthedocs.iotypedb.com/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperCouchbase, Inc.OntotextChris DavisVaticleOpenLink Software
Initial release20112000200620161998
Current releaseServer: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 202310.4, October 20232.26.3, January 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availablecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC, C++, Go and ErlangJavaPythonJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsCLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
HTTP API
Sockets
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infovia the TAP protocolnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesAutomatic ShardingnonenoneSharding infoby using Cassandrayes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication infoby using CassandraChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeperyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)noneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingnono infosubstituted by the relationship featureyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoEphemeral bucketsnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.noyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progressFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMGraphiteTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
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Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
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Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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More resources
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMGraphiteTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVirtuoso
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