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DBMS > CouchDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Neo4j vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Neo4j vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.mcobject.comneo4j.comrdf4j.org
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmneo4j.com/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMcObjectNeo4j, Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2005200120072004
Current release3.3.3, December 20238.2, 20215.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageErlangC and C++Java, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infosupport of XML interfaces available
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLnono
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON API.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes
Triggersyesyes infoby defining eventsyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0horizontal partitioning / shardingyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"eXtremeDBNeo4jRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
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Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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