DBMS > CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Newts vs. Realm vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Newts vs. Realm vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Document store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	9.30
Rank	#45	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

couchdb.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

opennms.github.io/newts

realm.io

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

realm.io/docs

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Microsoft

OpenNMS Group

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2005

2014

2017

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Erlang

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

HTTP REST
Java API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Java

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

JavaScript

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

yes

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

based on Cassandra

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

yes

Role-based access control

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