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DBMS > CouchDB vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelDocument storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
RDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecouchdb.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldorientdb.orgrdf4j.org
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablegithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogleGoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20052011201420102004
Current release3.3.3, December 20231.23, February 20212.1.12, February 20173.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++JavaScriptJavaJava
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query language, no joinsno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APITinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptnonoJava, Javascriptyes
TriggersyesnoUsing read-only observersHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0nonenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
nonenoneMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possiblenoACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenonoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableno

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"LevelDBLovefieldOrientDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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