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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. H2GIS vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. H2GIS vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Spatial extension of H2In-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeSpatial DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score19.42
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.h2gis.orgwww.memcached.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homegithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCNRSDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalMicrosoft
Initial release20132005201320032019
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20231.6.25, March 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoLGPL 3.0Open Source infoBSD licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangJavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIProprietary protocolMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptyes infobased on H2noYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0nonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infobased on H2none infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallityyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesnoyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes infobased on H2yes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"H2GISMemcachedMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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