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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MaxDB vs. PostGIS

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MaxDB vs. PostGIS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsSpatial extension of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score22.69
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannermaxdb.sap.compostgis.net
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationpostgis.net/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogleSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997
Initial release20132005201719842005
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20237.9.10.12, February 20243.4.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoGPL v2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptnoyesuser defined functions
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Shardingnoneyes infobased on PostgreSQL
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationyes infobased on PostgreSQL
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infobased on PostgreSQL

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Google Cloud SpannerMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DPostGIS
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