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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stableapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerFoundationDBMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release20132005201320162016
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20236.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnono infosome layers support typingyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnosupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptin SQL-layer onlyTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoin SQL-layer onlyno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenoyesAccess rights for users and roles

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Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseToroDB
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