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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. SWC-DB vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. SWC-DB vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSWC-DB infoSuper Wide Column Database  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high performance, scalable Wide Column DBMSScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Wide column storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Time Series DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#364  Overall
#13  Wide column stores
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­kashirin-alex/­swc-db
www.swcdb.org
vitess.io
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablefirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.postgresql.org/­docsvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAlex KashirinThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release200520121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20202013
Current release3.3.3, December 202316.3, May 20240.5, April 202115.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V3Open Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
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Implementation languageErlangCC++Go
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Proprietary protocol
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptlimited functionality with using 'rules'user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infoproprietary syntax
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleyesACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Firebase Realtime DatabasePostgreSQLSWC-DB infoSuper Wide Column DatabaseVitess
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